not either, not both, and not even between.
Let ‘T’ abbreviate ‘true’;
consider:
(1) (x)(Tx v
~Tx)
(1) says that everything is either true or not true. I say
(1) is false for an infinite number or reasons.
Here are five: it’s not true that my cat is either true or not true.
It’s not true that my nostril is either true or not true. It’s not true that a
banana is true or not true. It’s not
true that this italicized sentence is
either true or not true. If you’re not convinced that (1) is not true, I
suggest that you consider each and every natural number n, and you’ll see that it’s not true that n is either true or not true.
But here’s
my problem. If I deny (1) by affirming
(2) ~(x)(Tx v
~Tx)
I thereby affirm
(3) (∃x)(~Tx • Tx)
for (2) and (3) are logically equivalent if quantifier
negation and De Morgan’s law are valid, which they are. So here’s my dilemma:
affirm (1) or affirm a contradiction. Because (1) itself will eventually lead
to a contradiction, my choice is really between affirming a contradiction now
or affirming one later. I choose never. So I say that though (1) and (2) appear
to be more than a string of symbols, they are not.
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